Indian Defense
‘India-Afghan Ties Worried Pak Army’

New Delhi: A policy document prepared by the Pakistani army officers serving with the Peshawar based XI corps, that is active in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and North-West Frontier Province (NWFP), shows how Pakistan’s army, by their own admission, was worried about India’s policies with regards to Afghanistan which they called a “threat’.
The 49-page undated document, which The Sunday Guardian has accessed, was likely written somewhere around 2010 as the content of the report suggests.
The report focuses on Pakistan army’s operation in the FATA and NWFP areas that borders Afghanistan. It extensively deals with how and what the army should do to tackle the “miscreants” active in the region.
The writer of the report, under a sub-head, “Focal points of Threat”, has mentioned that: “After the fall of the Taliban government in Afghanistan, India has found an opportunity to constantly pressurize Pakistan. Establishment of pro-Indian government in Afghanistan poses a potent threat to the security of the adjoining regions of FATA. By constant interference with the help of newly established consulates, it can even destabilize the internal fault lines of the society. India has also attempted to use this forum for pressurizing Pakistan to lay-off from Kashmir.”
It further goes on to say that “India would continue to dominate the formulation of policies by the Afghan regime towards Pakistan and its constant involvement in the tribal areas would continue.”
According to the author of the report, “the failure of the US government to apprehend either of the top leadership of Al Qaeda or Taliban, has increased the domestic pressure and criticism that they were facing”.
The report further notes, “The resurgence in Taliban attacks has raised alarm for the Coalition Forces and the Afghan government. The consequent pressure on Pakistan to reign in the Taliban, especially in FATA, has increased as is evident in recent statements of President Karzai and some coalition partners. The whole atmosphere is being vitiated (against Pakistan) by diverse interests sitting inside Afghanistan”.
The report then comes to India. “Indians seem to have gained out of the whole gamut by drawing cleavage among Pakistan, coalition partners and Afghanistan”.
According to the report, “The expansion of NATO to the rest of Afghanistan, especially the troubled eastern Pakhtun provinces, is likely to synergise Taliban resistance. Iran’s nuclear issue and any misadventure in that realm shall have obvious negative implications for Pakistan. The current stance of the government to oppose the use of force against Iran is, therefore, predictably wise and savvy in the long run,” it reads.
Commenting on the operation carried out by the Pakistan army, it goes on to say that, “Pakistan Army is trained on the conventional warfare footings and the mindset is focused on fighting against the Indians. The training parameters are also laid on the same lines. Nevertheless, the forces are faced with a challenge which requires a paradigm shift in the training mindset.”
The report further goes on to identify the “key miscreants” who are highly active in the NWA and FATA region. “Presently, the key miscreants who are highly active in NWA are: Sirajuddin Haqqani–Darpa Khel; Sadiq Noor–Khatti Kili; Gulbahadur–Datta Khel (ameer of Miranshah subdiv); Mir Kalam–Datta Khel; Sangeen (an Afghani and close associate of Baitullah Mahsud)–Dande Saidgai; Abdul Khaliq–Mohtamim of erstwhile Madrassah Gulshan-e-Uloom.
The report further states that the Pakistan army “should induct anti-mine/ mine proof vehicles as done by Indian Army to protect themselves from IEDs” which, as per the report, “are procured from major electronic markets of Pakistan (which is a result of) the insufficient security checks between settled areas and FATA”.
Indian Defense
INS Arihant’s Nuke-Capable K-4 Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile ‘Ready To Roll’

The solid-fuelled K-4 missile is being developed by DRDO to arm the country’s nuclear-powered submarines in the shape of INS Arihant and its under-development sister vessels. INS Arihant, which became fully operational in November 2018 to complete India’s nuclear triad, is currently armed with the much shorter K-15 missiles with a 750 km range.
“The K-4 is now virtually ready for its serial production to kick-off. The two tests have demonstrated its capability to emerge straight from underwater and undertake its parabolic trajectory,” said a source.

India has the land-based Agni missiles, with the over 5,000-km Agni-V inter-continental ballistic missile now in the process of being inducted, and fighter jets jury-rigged to deliver nuclear weapons. But INS Arihant gives the country’s deterrence posture much more credibility because nuclear-powered submarines armed with nuclear-tipped missiles are considered the most secure, survivable and potent platforms for retaliatory strikes.
Once the K-4 missiles are inducted, they will help India narrow the gap with countries like the US, Russia and China, which have over 5,000-km range SLBMs. The K-4 missiles are to be followed by the K-5 and K-6 missiles in the 5,000-6,000 km range class.
The 6,000-ton INS Arihant, which is propelled by an 83 MW pressurised light-water reactor at its core, in turn, is to be followed by INS Arighat, which was launched in 2017. The next generation of nuclear submarines, currently called S-4 and S-4*, will be much larger in size.
Indian Defense
After Upgradation, Sukhoi Su-30MKI Indigenisation To Reach 78%

India has received clearance to upgrade 84 Sukhoi Su-30MKI fighter jets, which will result in 78% indigenization after the upgrade
In a significant step towards bolstering its military might with indigenously developed technology, India is poised to witness its Russian-origin Sukhoi Su-30MKI fighter jets evolve into a domestic platform. Speaking at a recent lecture.
The upgrade program is being led by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) in partnership with the Indian Air Force and other partners. The upgrade is expected to cost US$7.5 billion.
This initiative is a part of a larger effort by the Indian Air Force to modernize its ageing fleet. Air Chief Marshal Chaudhari asserted the critical role of an offensive air force as demonstrated in current global conflicts and emphasized India’s move towards an indigenized arsenal. To this end, the IAF has been proactive, from upgrading its Mirage 2000 to enhancing its MiG-29 fleet.
In summary, the IAF’s commitment to updating their combat forces with the latest technology, including shifting to fifth-generation fighter jets, ensures operational preparedness and a strong deterrence capability. The gradual indigenization of its air fleet marks a pivotal shift in India’s defence landscape, reducing dependency on foreign imports and fostering technological sovereignty.
Indian Defense
Akash Weapon System Exports For The Armenian Armed Forces Gathers Pace

According to unconfirmed reports, Armenia is a top contender for an export order for Akash SAM system manufactured by Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL).
The Akash export version will also be slightly different from the one inducted by the armed forces. The 100-km range air-to-air Astra missiles, now entering production after successful trials from Sukhoi-30MKI fighters, also have “good export potential”, said sources.
Akash is a “tried, tested and successfully inducted systems”. Indian armed forces have ordered Akash systems worth Rs 24,000 crore over the years, and MoD inked a contract in Mar 2023 of over Rs 9,100 crores for improved Akash Weapon System
BDL is a government enterprise under the Ministry of Defence that was established in 1970. BDL manufactures surface-to-air missiles and delivers them to the Indian Army. BDL also offers its products for export.
Akash Weapon System
The AWS is a Short Range Surface to Air Missile (SRSAM) Air Defence System, indigenously designed and developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). In order to meet aerial threats, two additional Regiments of AWS with Upgradation are being procured for Indian Army for the Northern borders. Improved AWS has Seeker Technology, Reduced Foot Print, 360° Engagement Capability and improved environmental parameters.
The project will give a boost to the Indian missile manufacturing industry in particular and the indigenous defence manufacturing ecosystem as a whole. The project has overall indigenous content of 82% which will be increased to 93% by 2026-27.
The induction of the improved AWS into the Indian Army will increase India’s self-reliance in Short Range Missile capability. This project will play a role in boosting the overall economy by avoiding outgo of precious foreign exchange to other countries, increasing employment avenues in India and encouraging Indian MSMEs through components manufacturing. Around 60% of the project cost will be awarded to the private industry, including MSMEs, in maintaining the supply chain of the weapon system, thereby creating large scale of direct and indirect employment.
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